Stalcare Heavy Lignocaine Hydrochloride & Dextrose Injection (10 Injections)

Introduction

Spinal anaesthesia is performed using the sterile, nonpyrogenic, hyperbaric solution of 5% lidocaine hydrochloride and 7.5% dextrose injection, USP.

Lidocaine HCl, also known chemically as 2-(diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-acetamide monohydrochloride, monohydrate, is a component of 5% Lidocaine Hydrochloride and 7.5% Dextrose Injection, USP (D-Glucose monohydrate).

Lidocaine likely passes through the placental and blood-brain barriers by passive diffusion.

The liver breaks down lidocaine quickly, and the kidneys eliminate the metabolites and unaltered medication. Oxidative N-dealkylation, ring hydroxylation, cleavage of the amide bond, and conjugation are all examples of biotransformation. The biotransformative process known as N-dealkylation produces the metabolites monoethylglycinexylidide and glycinexylidide. These metabolites’ pharmacological and toxicological effects are comparable to but weaker than those of lidocaine. Less than 10% of given lidocaine is excreted unaltered, and around 90% is excreted in the form of different metabolites. Urine contains a conjugation of 4-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylaniline as its main metabolite.

Side Effects

Lidocaine side effects are comparable to those reported with other amide local anaesthetic drugs in terms of their type. These negative effects are typically dose-related and may be brought on by high plasma levels brought on by excessive dosage, quick absorption, or unintentional intravascular injection, or they may be brought on by the patient’s hypersensitivity, peculiarities, or decreased tolerance. Serious negative events are typically of a systemic nature.

The most typical types reported include the following:

1. Central nervous system

CNS manifestations can include trembling, twitching, tremors, convulsions, unconsciousness, euphoria, confusion, dizziness, lethargy, slurred speech, drowsiness, tinnitus, blurred or double vision, vomiting, feelings of heat, cold, or numbness, and sensations of convulsions, convulsions, and/or convulsions. The earliest signs of poisoning may be sleepiness transforming into unconsciousness and respiratory arrest if the excitatory manifestations are either very transient or do not appear at all.

Following lidocaine administration, drowsiness is frequently an early indicator of a high blood level of the medication and may happen as a result of fast absorption.

2. Cardiovascular system

Cardiovascular manifestations are usually depressant and are characterized by bradycardia, hypotension, and cardiovascular collapse, which may lead to cardiac arrest.

3. Allergic

Allergic reactions are characterized by cutaneous lesions, urticaria, edema or anaphylactoid reactions. Allergic reactions as a result of sensitivity to lidocaine are extremely rare and, if they occur, should be managed by conventional means. The detection of sensitivity by skin testing is of doubtful value.

4. Neurologic

The incidences of adverse reactions associated with the use of local anesthetics may be related to the total dose of local anesthetic administered and are also dependent upon the particular drug used, the route of administration and the physical status of the patient. In a prospective review of 10,440 patients who received lidocaine for spinal anesthesia, the incidences of adverse reactions were reported to be about 3 percent each for positional headaches, hypotension and backache; 2 percent for shivering; and less than 1 percent each for peripheral nerve symptoms, nausea, respiratory inadequacy and double vision. Many of these observations may be related to local anesthetic techniques, with or without a contribution from the local anesthetic.